The Ministry of University Affairs has the overall responsibility for the organization and administration of all the universities in the Kingdom. However, each university has its own University Council, directly responsible for the policy and the administration of the university.

The Thammasat University Council is comprised of nine to fourteen honorary members selected from prominent people in various professions, both from the official and private sectors, along with the Chairman, the Rector, nine members selected from the Vice-Rectors, the Deans and the Directors, the President of the Faculty Senate, six representatives of the university lecturers and two representatives of the non-academic staff. The Rector of the University is the executive head of the university.

The university's administration is divided into 8 major areas: General Administration, Academic Affairs and Research, Personnel Administration, Finance and Property Management, Student Affairs, Planning and Development, Office of International Affairs, and Rangsit Administration. The Vice-Rectors heading these divisions report directly to the Rector.